Characteristics of Density and Hardness on Caloric Value of Substitution of Biomass and Pet Plastics as Refused Derived Fuel Pellets

Pratiwi Claudia Gaina1, Mega Mutiara Sari1, Wisnu Prayogo2, I Wayan Koko Suryawan1,
Kuntum Khoiro Ummatin3, Qurrotin Ayunina Maulida Okta Arifianti3, Niswatun Faria3,

1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure Planning, Universitas Pertamina,
Komplek Universitas Pertamina, Jalan Sinabung II, Terusan Simprug, Jakarta 12220, Indonesia
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
3 Engineering Management, Industrial and Agroindusty Technology Faculty, Universitas Internasional
Semen Indonesia, Kompleks PT. Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, Jl. Veteran, Kb. Dalem, Sidomoro,
Kebomas, Gresik 61122, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract

The utilization of biomass and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste as raw material for refuse-derived fuel (RDF) has been studied. However, physical such as density and hardness are still not widely used. This study aimed to determine the relationship between variations in the composition of PET and physical garden waste density and hardness on the quality of the caloric value of RDF. Density measurements were carried out with the Ultrapyc 1200e instrument. While for hardness, using the Shore D method. The Shore D Hardness test is a standardized test that involves evaluating the amount of depth that may be penetrated by a certain indentation. The lowest density is RDF pellets for food waste at 1,537 kg/m3 and consists of RDF pellets for plastic waste at 2,560 kg/m3. In line with the density, the hardness value increases with the addition of the PET composition. The density and hardness values in the RDF mixture show a simultaneous relationship to the heating value. The highest caloric value achieved is the use of 100% PET as pellets which can reach 5765 kcal/kg.

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